Review: Ocular complications of Mosquito Transmitted Diseases – Canadian Journal of Optometry

Ocular complications of Mosquito Transmitted Diseases

Disease Transmission Ocular Manifestation
Zika Virus
  • Mosquito Vector
  • Sexual intercourse with an infected individual
  • Maternal-fetal transmission
  • Fetal
    • Focal pigment mottling of the retina
    • Chorioretinal atrophy
    • Macular atrophy
    • Cataract
    • Intraocular calcification
  • Adults
    • Guillain-Barre Syndrome, which is associated with various ocular muscle palsies and non-purulent conjunctivitis
West Nile Virus
  • Mosquito Vector (acquired after a mosquito feeds on an infected bird)
  • Retinal hemorrhages
  • Vitritis
  • Perivascular sheathing
  • Vasculitis
  • Optic atrophy
  • Disc edema
  • Vascular occlusion
  • 6th nerve palsy
Malaria
  • Blood transfusion, organ transplant, or the shared use of needles or syringes contaminated with blood
  • Maternal-fetal transmission
  • Retinal whitening in the periphery and macula
  • Discoloration
  • Pailledema
Dengue Fever
  • Mosquito Vector
  • Cannot be spread person to person
  • Retinal hemorrhages
  • Macular edema
  • Foveollitis
  • Vasculitis
  • Optic neuropathy
  • Uveitis